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Mathematics

The Department curriculum gives attention to such topics as statistics, linear programming, probability, transformation, logic, modeling, and combinatorics, as well as traditional material. OES offers an honors upper level sequence which allows four semesters of mathematics to be completed in three semesters. The fourth semester is then used to begin Calculus. This sequence is available to students who exhibit the desire and the mathematical maturity to take Calculus BC.

 

Courses

Algebra Skills
Geometry
Intermediate Algebra
Advanced Algebra
Honors Advanced Algebra
FST (Functions, Statistics, Trigonometry)
Honors FST/PDM

PDM (Precalculus and Discrete Math)
Honors PDM/Calculus
Calculus AB
Calculus BC
AP Statistics

K-12 Math Curriculum (PDF)

ALGEBRA SKILLS
Algebra lays the groundwork and introduces the language of elementary mathematics. It covers the topics of traditional algebra courses, such as linear systems, exponents and polynomials. Quadratic equations are introduced. Problem solving and the reading of mathematics are major aspects of the curriculum. This course is offered when sufficient need arises. (Prerequisite: Prealgebra) A student should be enrolled in this course no later than the freshman year.

GEOMETRY
Geometry analyzes the mathematical concept of shape and the characteristics when shape is rotated, reflected, or translated. Traditional Euclidean concepts are discussed: transformational and coordinate geometry, congruence, circle concepts, and volumes including the Platonic solids. Non-Euclidean concepts such as viewing three dimensions through a two-dimensional lens are introduced. Geometry integrates algebra throughout the course and focuses on logic and the theory of proof. Reading the mathematics, methods of problem solving, and logical thinking are emphasized. A placement test is given during the second semester to determine the appropriate level of Advanced Algebra for the following year. (Prerequisite: Algebra)

INTERMEDIATE ALGEBRA
Intermediate Algebra is offered, to students who have completed Algebra and in most cases Geometry, but who are not ready for the rigors of Advanced Algebra. The course reviews many of the basic principles of algebra: order of operations, simplifying expressions, solving sentences, and graphing. Powers, roots, quadratics, functions, and systems of equations are examined. (Prerequisite: Algebra)

ADVANCED ALGEBRA
Advanced Algebra develops the work begun in Algebra and Geometry. The course emphasizes algebraic expressions and forms, particularly linear and quadratic sentences, powers and roots, and functions based on these concepts. Students begin to develop skills in manipulating logarithmic, polynomial, and other special functions. Matrices, systems of equations, and linear programming are studied. Reading mathematics and problem solving are emphasized. (Prerequisite: Algebra, Geometry)

HONORS ADVANCED ALGEBRA
An Honors level Advanced Algebra course of study is offered to qualified students. It covers all Advanced Algebra topics more deeply and conics. It also develops more thoroughly analytical and reasoning skills and writing. (Placement is determined by a post-geometry test, teacher recommendation, and departmental approval.) (Prerequisite: Algebra, Geometry)

FST (FUNCTIONS, STATISTICS, TRIGONOMETRY)
This course places emphasis on functions (exponential, logarithmic, polynomial), statistics (data collection, counting, probability, binomial and normal distributions and confidence intervals and hypothesis testing), and trigonometry (circular functions, triangles, and graphs). (Prerequisite: Advanced Algebra)

HONORS FST/PDM
This course presents the first two semesters of a three-semester sequence developed to cover the material offered in FST and PDM. The pace is accelerated and is therefore recommended for students who can work with less reinforcement of the material. The emphasis during this year will be on the topics from statistics, trigonometry, and functions listed above. (Prerequisite: B- or better in Honors Advanced Algebra, an A in Advanced Algebra, and a teacher recommendation and departmental approval. Additional summer work will be required if entering from Advanced Algebra.)

PDM (PRECALCULUS AND DISCRETE MATH)
The sequel to FST, this course integrates the topics of discrete mathematics (integers, logic, recursion and induction, combinatorics, and sequences and series) with the typical contents of a precalculus curriculum (equation theory, advanced trigonometry, vectors, complex numbers, and polar coordinates). (Prerequisite: FST)

HONORS PDM/CALCULUS
This course completes the FST and PDM sequence including polynomial and rational functions, vectors, logic, and polar equations. The course then begins the introduction of the Calculus with a thorough treatment of the derivative. Integral Calculus is introduced and developed as time permits. (Prerequisite: B- or better in Honors FST/PDM)

CALCULUS AB
Calculus is a college-level course equivalent to approximately a semester and a half of college-level work. The course reviews the Cartesian plane and examines limits, logarithmic and exponential functions, trigonometric functions, and Differential and Integral Calculus with applications. A student is qualified to sit for the Advanced Placement Calculus AB examination. (Prerequisite: PDM)

CALCULUS BC
The calculus course builds on the calculus studied in HPDM/Calculus. The course reviews differentiation briefly and completes the integral calculus. It also introduces typical second-semester calculus topics: series, polar, parametric, and vector functions. The material prepares the student beyond what is required to sit for the BC level of the AP examination. (Prerequisite: B- or better in Honors PDM/Calculus)

AP STATISTICS
AP Statistics involves descriptive statistics (interpreting, organizing, and visualizing data), research design (planning procedures to collect data and determining how to measure and control variables), probability theory, simulation (modeling real-world situations with calculators and computers), and statistical inference (i.e., hypothesis testing and confidence intervals). Students are required to make extensive use of the TI-89 graphing calculator, especially the built-in statistical functions and tests; some activities and projects may involve computer software as well. Class activities include data collection and analysis, small group activities, and graphing calculator analysis. Projects involve data collection from the Internet and information collected from student-designed surveys. Even though the course includes theory, the primary emphasis is applied statistics and data analysis. Offered in alternate years with ATM. (Y)

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Activities

Beginning with Advanced Algebra, the students are required to a have a TI-89 Titanium graphing calculator.


Although credit is given for passing a particular course (D-), a grade of C- or better is required for advancement to the next level course. Summer work may be approved by the math department, on an individual basis, in order for a student to be allowed to advance.

Minimum graduation requirement: 3 credits, at least through Advanced Algebra. Placement tests are given to all incoming students. Please check website regarding placement policy.

Any summer work must be pre-approved by the department before being undertaken in order to be accepted towards advancement in the curriculum. No credit is given.

MATH DEPARTMENT POLICY FOR AP TESTING (AP STATS, AP CALCULUS AB OR BC, AP COMPUTER SCIENCE A OR AB).
Students who are enrolled in the course must take the exam unless an exception is granted by the teacher. Students who are not enrolled in the course must haver permission of the department chair.

A bequest made to OES in 1985 by the late Beatrice Gerlinger established the Gerlinger Chair in Mathematics.